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Language learners privilege structured meaning over surface frequency
Culbertson, Jennifer, Adger, David
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 22 April 2014, Vol.111(16), pp.5842-7
[Revue évaluée par les pairs]
Titre: A labelling solution to a curious EPP effect Auteur:Adger, David Sujet:Irish Language ; Phi Features ; Noun Phrases ; Extended Projection Principle ; Sentence Structure ; Italian Language ; Scottish Gaelic ; Syntax ; Subject (Grammatical) ; Irish ; Epp ; Pop ; Optionality ; Syntax Description:
Irish and Scottish Gaelic show a curious effect where, in finite sentences containing DP arguments, the highest DP obligatorily raises to the subject position, but when the arguments are PPs, they obligatorily remain low. This is challenging for standard accounts of the EPP, which take movement to subject position to be feature driven by an obligatory high probe on T. This squib suggests that the pattern follows elegantly from the labelling system outlined in Chomsky 2013, 2014 with the proviso that unaccusative v acts as a phase head for Transfer but does not bear uninterpretable phi-features. A crucial part of the solution is the incorporation, into the theory, of Manzini’s (2009) proposal that there is no syntactically represented EPP position in pro-drop languages, although I suggest that this be weakened to the idea that there need be no such position, to capture parametric differences in subject interpretation between Italian and Irish.
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LingBuzz, Jan 2016
Titre: Structure, use, and syntactic ecology in language obsolescence Auteur:Adger, David Sujet:Language Death ; Language Change ; Syntax ; Syntactic Structures ; Pro Drop Parameter ; Scottish Gaelic ; Passive Voice ; Syntactic Features ; Language Change ; Pro-Drop ; Possessives ; Passives ; Scottish Gaelic ; Semantics ; Morphology ; Syntax Description:
Nancy Dorian’s foundational work on the loss of Gaelic in the East Sutherland communities continues to provide important insights into the nature of the process of language change in situations of obsolescence. In this article I look at a sub-set of Dorian’s data from the perspective of current syntactic theory, and argue that the connected loss of such apparently different constructions as objects of non-finite verbs, inalienable possessive structures, and a range of passives, and the concomitant restructuring of the grammar, all follow from the interaction between a reduction in agreement features on a functional head and the broad syntactic ecology of the language. This approach makes sense of why these apparently disparate constructions all undergo the particular kinds of change that are seen.
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LingBuzz, Jan 2016
Titre: More misrepresentation: a response to Behme and Evans 2015 Auteur:Adger, David Sujet:Morphology ; Semantics ; Generative Grammar ; Recursion ; Syntax ; Generative Grammar ; “language Instinct” ; Recursion ; Localization ; Semantics ; Morphology ; Syntax Description:
This response to Behme and Evans (2015) points out that understanding and correct representation of perspectives to be criticised is crucial for any kind of engagement. It then sequentially examines the points raised and tries to distinguish the content of the argument from its surrounding rhetoric. It concludes that there is a paucity of the former and an abundance of the latter. [NB this Lingbuzz version is a response to version 4 of Behme and Evans 2015 on Lingbuzz. Any final edits to deal with final changes to Behme and Evans published version will be made in the published version of this paper.]
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LingBuzz, Jan 2015
Titre: A Syntax of Substance: A Precis. Auteur:Adger, David Sujet:Semantics ; Syntactic Movement ; Functional Heads ; Syntax ; Lexicon ; Phrase Structure ; Movement ; Functional Categories ; Relational Nominals ; Possessives ; Semantics ; Morphology ; Syntax Description:
This is a brief precis of A Syntax of Substance (MIT Press, 2013), which sketches the main ideas and conclusions of the book. The core idea is that there are no functional heads qua lexical items and that labeling of structure is hence strictly separated from building of structure and is given exocentrically. The consequence of this idea in the system I develop is that there is no roll-up movement, and that there are no arguments in complement positions. The syntax and semantics of ultra-nominal relational nouns is used as a case study for these ideas.
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LingBuzz, Jan 2013
Titre: Constructions and Grammatical Explanation Auteur:Adger, David Sujet:Grammar ; Construction Grammar ; Semantics ; Generative Grammar ; Learning ; Syntactic Structures ; Constraints ; Cognition ; Construction Grammar ; Usage-Based Grammar ; Generative Grammar ; Semantics ; Morphology ; Syntax Description:
I raise a number of issues here for especially the usage based variants of Construction Grammar defended by Goldberg, Tomasello and others. I point out that proponents of such varieties of Construction Grammar assume massive amounts of innate constraints on both learning mechanisms and on cognitive representations, many of which are specific to those capacities. They just take language to be unlike other cognitive capacities in that it does not involve such constraints. There is no a priori argument for this position. I also show that no empirical argument can be made on the basis of claims that semantics attaches to structures rather than words, given that both Construction Grammar and Generative Grammar allow this. Further, the evidence we have about language conflicts with the idea that it is unlike other cognitive capacities in having no innate domain-specific constraints. The facts suggest the need for a theory of structure, and the usage-based varieties of construction grammar provide...
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LingBuzz, Jan 2012
Titre: Syntax for Cognitive Scientists Auteur:Adger, David Sujet:Cognitive Science ; Syntax ; Syntax ; Cognitive Science Description:
This piece is intended to introduce the results and ideas of syntactic theory to people with a cognitive science background. It is currently very drafty, and needs to be expanded in various ways, and I'm thinking of turning it into a book eventually, so suggestions are very welcome.
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LingBuzz, Jan 2013